The nanobots does not really look like robots as depicted in most images like this one on top taken from Free Stock photos by Vecteezy (https://www.vecteezy.com/free-photos). They are in the nanometer scale which is invisible to the naked eye, and they are made of a selection of molecules that have specific characteristics. Like in the book, there are different nanobots for different illnesses and the ones I researched are as follows:

• Cancer fighting nanobots: these nanobots are injected in the bood stream and they are pre-programmed to seek and attach to specific tumor cells. Once attached, these nanobots inject their payload consisting of a drug that will kill that tumor cell. Such nanobots already exist and they were tested in mices. The next phase is to test it in humans which can still take a long time due to the requirements that are needed before such tests are done.

• Pandemic avoidance nanobots: nanobots can be pre-programmed to attach to specific viruses, similar to the mechanism used to seek and attach to tumor cells. These viruses are then injected with the drug that will also kill them. This is a more efficient way of combating illnesses caused by virus and they are an efficient weapon against pandemics. In this case, there are already tests done in humans for SARS.

• Antibiotic resistant bacteria avoidance: a very big problem we, humans, face when combating bacteria that causes us illnesses is the fact that those bacteria evolve over time, and they create their own resistant to the antibiotics used to combat them. If we use nanobots instead of antibiotics to combat bacteria, using the same principle of seek and attach, we have again a very efficient way of avoiding antibiotic resistant bacteria.

The NanoBots book (yes, the name of the book is with the N and B in uppercase) is showing exactly this situation on a figurative way. It has mechanically specialized nanobots to solve different problems. In the real scenario, it is the same analogy with the difference that the nanobots are different in its molecular structure.

Nanobots is a concept that uses all areas related to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). It is not associated with one only area since its existence is dependent on the integration of all of them.

One important factor in the nanobot world is that it takes a long time to go over the human testing phase because of all the precautions required. A breakthrough in this area is the use of a technology that is capable of much more computing power so that it is capable of simulating the human body so perfectly that it can guarantee some results even without an actual human test. This is possible when we are free of the binary nature of the computers today. A new technology of computing does not consider only the "on" and "off" states but everything in between, making is capable of handling much more variables at the same time. This increases speed and the complexity of the problem it can manipulate. This enables the human simulation to dome close to the real situation, reducing the time it takes from the development of the nanobots until its application in a real subject.

The image above depicts quantum computing, and it was taken from Free Stock photos by Vecteezy (https://www.vecteezy.com/free-photos). 

Quantum computing is a concept that uses all areas related to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). It is not associated with one only area since its existence is dependent on the integration of all of them.

Quantum computing provides the hardware that enables much more computing power but we also need the software that will run on this hardware and an important component that needs to be included in this mix is Artificial Intelligence. This technology enables us to deal with a large quantity of information and providing us conclusions much faster. Yes, there is a time that is required to teach the Artificial Intelligence but after is has the data required, it can provide results much faster which takes into consideration a very large amount of requirements of the problem. The integration of Artificial Intelligence, Quantum Computing and Nanobots can provide the humankind with a solution of several health problems we face today and even beyond. Being in a nano scale, we may have in the future some nanobots capable of even changing our DNA structure, enabling us to cure even genetically inherited illnesses. The sky is the limit.

The image on top depicts artificial intelligence and it was taken from Free Stock photos by Vecteezy (https://www.vecteezy.com/free-photos). 

Artificial intelligence is a concept that uses all areas related to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). It is not associated with one only area since its existence is dependent on the integration of all of them.

As in any revolutionary technology, it is important to always consider its use for the benefit of humankind. These technologies can be very dangerous in the wrong hands.

Locklear, Mallory. "Researchers use nanorobots to kill tumors in mice". Engadget. February 12, 2018. https://www.engadget.com/2018-02-12-researchers-nanorobots-kill-tumors-mice.html

Peplow, Mark. "Nanotechnology offers alternative ways to fight COVID-19 pandemic with antivirals". Nature Biotechnology. October 7, 2021.  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-021-01085-1

Muteeb, Ghazala. "Nanotechnology—A Light of Hope for Combating Antibiotic Resistance". MDPI. June 3, 2023. https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/6/1489#:~:text=Nanoparticles%20can%20be%20engineered%20to,early%20detection%20of%20resistance%20emergence

Mestrovic, Tomislav. "What is Penicillin?". News Medical Life Sciences. August 22, 2023. https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Penicillin.aspx

Frankel, Ernest. "Systems Biology: Where Computer Science, Engineering and Biology Meet". YouTube. December 21, 2012. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5tPR12ugV8s&t=328s

Aaronson, Scott. "What Makes Quantum Computing So Hard to Explain?". Quanta Magazine. June 8, 2021. https://www.quantamagazine.org/why-is-quantum-computing-so-hard-to-explain-20210608/

Brode, Bernie. "AI and nanotechnology are working together to solve real-world problems". Blog. March 21, 2022. https://stackoverflow.blog/2022/03/21/ai-and-nanotechnology-are-working-together-to-solve-real-world-problems/

Escalera, Teena. "20 Astonishing Facts About Nanobiotechnology". FACTS.NET. October 11, 2023. https://facts.net/science/biology/20-astonishing-facts-about-nanobiotechnology/